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THE MASS MOVEMENT. 


The great problem facing the Missions in 
India centers around the establishment and 
maintenance of the Native Christian 
Church. 


Sixty million people in India—one-fifth of 
the whole population—are born “out-caste,” 
or, as the-Hindus call them, “untouchable.” 


Fixed at the bottom, socially and eco- 
nomically, with apparently no way out, the 
only hope they have ever had has come 
through Christianity, and it may also be 
said that in them lies the great hope of 
Christianity. It is from among these people 
that the larger number of Christian converts 
come, and there also that the Mass Move- 
ments favorable to Christianity crystallize. 
Three million of the sixty are now called 
Christian, and it is estimated that there will 
be thirty million in another generation. 
Within the bounds of the Punjab Mission 
of the Presbyterian Church there are now 
20,000 Christians from this class, more than 
half of them having come within the last 
five years. In ten years at the present rate 
of increase there will be 80,000. 


Whole families and villages are turning 
en masse to Christianity and asking for 
Baptism and admission to the Church, and 
from all three India Missions reports come 
that with cumulative power this Mass 
Movement is developing. Joy in seeing this 


] 


great company at the door of the Church 
is tempered by the two great problems 
that present themselves: 


(1) WHO SHALL TEND THESE 
SHEPHERDLESS SHEEP? 


(2) HOW SHALL THEY, AND ES- 
PECIALLY THE CHILDREN, BE 
TRAINED IN CHRISTIAN NURTURE? 


ONE OF THE UNTOUCHABLES 


THE NEED. 


In the Punjab and North India Missions 
at least 7,500 boys and girls for whom they 
are responsible are without any school 
privileges, and the very success of the work 
adds new thousands each year. 


United effort is being made to have every 
baptized adult trained in Christian knowl- 
edge so that he may be fitted to receive the 
Communion within six months after baptism 
and to have a Communion Service in each 
district at least once each year—a well-nigh 
impossible task. The high spiritual value 
of participating in this rite is so well rec- 
ognized at home that the loss of it to these 
simple, untrained souls reaching for the 
light is most pathetic. ‘Truly the harvest 
is plenteous, but the laborers are few—Pray 
ye therefore’—Can we honestly pray when 
we fail to partially answer the prayer our- 
selves, with opportunity pressing as it does? 


THE POSSIBILITY. 


Mr. Sherwood Eddy’s recent remarkable 
experience in India was partly reaping 
from others’ sowing, and partly a dem- 
onstration of what is possible at any time 
with proper leadership; able, earnest, con- 
secrated and in sufficient numbers. Ade- 
quate Christian leadership is essential. Here 
is the recognized weakness of the work 
in the face of all this overwhelming oppor- 
tunity that may pass at any time, “How 


9 
Oo 


SNVILSIAHO ALSVO-MO'T AO dNnowdy 


shall they hear without a preacher, and how 
shall they preach except they be sent?” 


There is large significance in the words 
of a placard prepared by the American 
Marathi Mission, adjoining the Presby- 
terian, which is hung in prominent positions 
in buildings and houses: 


EVERY MEMBER. 


. Truly converted. 

. Filled with the Spirit. 
. Studying the Bible. 
Strong in faith. 

. Prompted by love. 

. Zealous in service. 


Nm kWN 


THE GOSPEL PREACHED. 


; By every Christian. 
. To every non-Christian. 
Ate alletimes, 
. In all places. 
s our standard at home as high as this? 


HR wWNe 


MOGA BUILDING FUND. 


As a direct contribution to the solution 
of the problems growing out of the Mass 
Movement the plans made by the Punjab 
Mission at Moga demand attention. 

The villages, where these humble Chris- 
tians who have flocked in multitudes to the 
Church live, must be provided with teach- 
ers and preachers. The people are farm 


5 


LOW-CASTE VILLAGE SCHOOL 


hands practically bound to the cultivators 
for whom they work. They are im- 
poverished. Their average wage does not 
exceed three dollars a month; and that is 
the total family income. They are illiterate. 
They live in surroundings unspeakably 
wretched, both morally and _ physically. 
Practically all will remain villagers per- 
manently engaged in their old occupations. 


The problem of the Church is to help 
them in the place where they are; to make 


6 


their community life clean, wholesome and 
Christian. To that end, in every village 
with a Christian community of sufficient 
numbers, there ought to be established a 
school for its boys and girls. There are 
now in the Punjab Mission alone 1,000 vil- 
lages in which there are Christians, and 
there are schools in less than 100 of these 
villages. The Mission is trying to meet the 
situation through the Training School for 
Village Teachers at Moga, where ninety 
students are now enrolled, preparing to be- 
come village teachers and religious leaders 
in their communities. 


Moga is a market town, strategically 
located in the center of a large farming dis- 
trict, and a wide area is daily represented in 
its market place. 


To meet the present need, to say nothing 
of that ten years hence, there ought to be 
three hundred students in preparation, yet 
the ninety who are there now are crowded 
into dormitories built to accommodate 
seventy. To house the present number and 
allow for an increase, more building equip- 
ment is immediately needed. 


A still greater need. In order that the 
training may be in terms of village life, it is 
necessary to introduce a course in agricul- 
ture, so that the knowledge of the simplest 
modern methods of farming may form part 
of the equipment of the students when they 
enter on their work as village teachers. 


= 
‘ 


The present village school systetit does not 
meet the village needs, and there is no en- 
thusiasm for an education that is purely 
academic. From the parents’ viewpoint the 
time spent in school is wasted unless it 
brings some return. A course in farming 
will catch their imagination and they will 
send their children if there is profit in it, 
and a school of practical value to the vil- 
lager will furnish the best point of contact 
to promote his religious welfare. 


The Moga School, if properly equipped, 
must become a most important factor in the 
building up of a strong church in the vil- 
lages of the Punjab. Through its gradu- 
ates, both as pastors and teachers, it will 


LOW-CASTE PREACHERS 


S 


give an education suited to the needs of the 
villages that will improve their condition 
spiritually and economically and help pow- 
erfully toward the establishment of a church 
independent of foreign support. 


IMMEDIATE NEEDS. 


To meet the needs of the next five years 
an equipment for the education of 300 
students should be provided. 


The immediate needs will be covered by 
approximately $25,000, to be expended as 
follows: 


SCHOOL BUILDINGS. 


MN GCu eC OLIIILOTICS. 87d. ce oe 6 ook $4,000 
Dining Hall and Store House...... 1,500 
BeEDE ete OD: fb aces ciate. cclepire sis 500 
ee omeiitt PEON ODas, tsa x05 + Pea 500 
TEMS LOD Beet ie ke: sor vce oka’ sl vi aike epee 500 
emranise@iarters.. | ofits xs oe 1,200 


FARM EQUIPMENT. 


CHE SWOLIATION, 0a. foe as ves pode $8,300 
ema TLANATY was a eee eee eee 2,000 
Werte ate ens foie. o cce ee a oee 300 
CO NS 2,000 
ne bert LONG YC) a 800 
Emam NOCKIA Arts... i oc. chen Oe 100 
MN Fs 5 cath ca 0 di doe ew Seve 1,000 
UOT SIP holo iy, oss Ses se a bee 700 
Machinery, plows, harrows, drills, 

TUES oo GE ae 1,600 


$25 000 


This offers unusual opportunities to help 
with a number of comparatively small gifts 
that will guarantee some of these features. 
Some thrifty Presbyterian farmers or con- 
gregations located in agricultural districts 
might well supply one or more features of 
the equipment or erect one of the needed 
buildings and then watch the school in its 
progress and rejoice in the advance made 
by this needy people, and their own share 
in it all will prove a great blessing. 


Who could ask for a more fascinating op- 
portunity to take advantage of a strategic 
time and place? He who contributes here 
will have the knowledge that he is helping 
to build the foundation of the independent 
Indian church, a work which parallels in 
the twentieth century the work of the 
Apostles in the first century. 


10 


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«<ATHIA NOIGMOA AHL WOds STIVd,, 


The Board of Foreign Missions 
of the 
Presbyterian Church in the U. 8S. A: 


156 Fifth Avenue, New York 


November, 1916 Form 2458 


